A new technique for remote upconversion of a 100 Mb/s BPSK microwave subcarrier signal is proposed and demonstrated. It is based on the insertion of an unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer in a microwave fiber-optic link.

Various-depth field descriptions and their use are summarized. Effects in optical links are being investigated being of particular importance if QAM microwave signals are transmitted. In this framework modulator-induced ...

Nokia offers a speech translation solution for mobile networkoperators: Operators can provide real-time machine translation of speech, as a useful extension to their currently available voice service. The concept offers a ...

In the paper the gain-bandwidth relations of microwave distributed amplifiers are analyzed. It is shown that in case of proper realization corresponding to distributed amplifier (DA) requirements the amplifier gain and ...

In wideband optical communications the bandwidth and the noise of optical receivers are crucial problems. The application of a distributed amplifier instead of a transimpedance amplifier in an optical receiver has the ...

The equation f(x, x1, x2, x3)=f(y, y1, y2, y3) is considered that characterizes the relation between the measured reflection coefficient x, the calibrating reflection coefficients x1, x2, x3 and the corresponding values ...

Microwave (MW) network analysis of optical circuits and systems is discussed in the paper. MW responses of some basic optical structures are shown in frequency and time domain. Some fundamental differences between network ...

Early GSM networks are getting older than a decade. First generation mobile systems cannot fully satisfy actual user expectations. New services like WAP, mobile internet, video streaming, etc. require higher capacity and ...

Optical transmission of microwave (MW) and millimeter-wave (MMW) signals has become an intensive re- search area in the last decade. There is a growing interest in optical processing of MW signals [1, 2], phased array ...