Several system applications require optical transmission of very high bit-rate digital as well as microwave and millimeter-wave carrier signals. Without completeness, a few recent applications are mentioned such as: 5G ...

In the paper we present the main licensing options for telecommunications Network Elements. We have special focus on Core Network Elements deployed in cloud environment, such as Mobile Switching Center Server (MSS) and ...

The strict requirements imposed by ultra-reliable low latency (uRLL) services in 5G can be costly for 5G network operators: low latency requires the deployment of distributed datacenters, while ultra-high reliability usually ...

Reliability and availability considerations are discussed in this paper with special focus on ‘cloud based’ Mobile Switching and Application Servers (MSS and AS). Before the extensive deployment of cloud based telecom ...

Both hardware and software architectures have to meet the strict requirements for high availability. High availability requires considerations already in the design phase of the products. There are practical rules in system ...

Ultra-reliable low latency (uRLL) communication in 5G dictates the deployment of distributed infrastructure with numerous datacenters for low latency, while hosting ultra-reliable services mandates attended datacenters. ...

Availability and reliability considerations are discussed in this paper with special focus on ‘cloud based’ Mobile Switching and Telecommunication Application Servers (MSS and TAS). Before the extensive deployment of cloud ...

There are multiple drivers of moving away from physical implementation of telecommunication network elements towards software (SW) only deployments in all IP networks. One of the major motivations is the possibility to use ...

As the distributed software and microservice architecture is spreading, the importance of load distribution is increasing. There are multiple indicators to measure the quality of the distribution, in the past the main ...